陕西煤炭

【目的】针对深部缓倾斜特厚煤层开采中强矿压灾害频发的问题，【方法】以宁东灵武矿区130207工作面为工程背景，采用FLAC^3D数值模拟方法，构建精细化三维模型，系统研究工作面强矿压显现规律。【结果】结果表明，应力集中主导强矿压显现机制，随着工作面推进，垂直应力向煤柱和煤壁显著转移而并非线性积聚。推进至400 m时，顶板最大垂直应力达32.5 MPa，应力集中系数增至2.61，形成强矿压显现的核心诱因；塑性区演化揭示灾变路径，临空侧卸荷引发覆岩塑性区向采空区双向扩展(最大高度5 m)，破坏模式由剪切向拉伸转变，构成强矿压作用下覆岩失稳垮落的直接空间载体与关键致灾区域；覆岩破断动态过程，推进200 m时基本顶断裂导致高位离层贯通，应力向煤柱转移诱发拉张破坏；推进至300～400 m后，离层压密趋于稳定，但应力集中持续加剧。【结论】通过动态模拟揭示了深部缓倾斜特厚煤层强矿压的应力-破坏联动机制，为优化支护设计、防控冲击地压提供了理论依据与工程参考。

Aiming at the frequent occurrence of strong mine pressure disasters during the mining of deep gently inclined extra-thick coal seams, we take the 130207 working face in the Ningdong Lingwu mining area as the engineering background. The FLAC^3D numerical simulation method is adopted to establish a refined three-dimensional model, and the strong mine pressure behavior law of the working face is studied. The results demonstrate that: The mechanism of strong mine pressure behavior is dominated by stress concentration: as the working face advances, vertical stress transfers significantly to coal pillars and ribs and accumulates nonlinearly. When the face advances to 400 m, the maximum vertical stress of the roof reaches 32.5 MPa, and the stress concentration factor increases to 2.61, constituting the core inducement of strong mine pressure behavior. The evolution of the plastic zone reveals the catastrophic path: unloading on the gob-side triggers a bidirectional expansion of the overburden plastic zone towards the goaf(with a maximum height of 5 m), and the failure mode transforms from shear to tension. This forms the direct spatial carrier and the key disaster-prone area for overburden instability and collapse under strong mine pressure. The dynamic process of overburden fracturing: when the face advances to 200 m, main roof fracture leads to the connection of high-level bed separations, and stress transfer to coal pillars induces tensile failure. After advancing to 300～400 m, the bed separations become compacted and tend to stabilize,while stress concentration continues to intensify. Through dynamic simulation, this study reveals the stress-failure coupling mechanism of strong ground pressure in deep gently inclined extra-thick coal seams, providing a theoretical basis and engineering reference for optimizing support design and preventing rock burst.