陕西煤炭

针对向斜构造区厚硬顶板巷道围岩冲击变形破坏严重等问题，采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场实测等方法，研究了向斜构造区厚硬顶板巷道冲击破坏机理，提出了巷道围岩卸支协同防冲控制措施，有效提升了巷道围岩稳定性。研究表明，向斜构造区厚硬顶板存在压应力集中区，形成矿井冲击震源层；向斜轴部巷道3～6 m范围内存在23.95～41.16 MPa的高静载应力集中带，静动载应力叠加巷道冲击破坏严重；向斜轴部巷道帮部围岩浅表裂隙发育，锚杆锚固性能差，顶板锚索动载抗冲性能差，冲击作用下易产生一定损伤；采用全断面卸压与深锚补强加固协同防冲控制技术，切断了巷道围岩应力以及动载应力波传递路径，提升了巷道围岩锚固抗冲性能，巷道围岩变形量降低63.57%～65.90%,大能量微震事件减少，小能量微震事件增加，巷道围岩稳定性增强。

In view of the serious impact deformation and damage of the hard and thick roof roadway surrounding rock in the syncline structure area, we adopt theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and on-site measurement methods to study the impact damage mechanism of the hard and thick roof roadway in the syncline structure area.A collaborative anti-impact control measure for the unsupport of roadway surrounding rock, effectively improving the stability of the roadway surrounding rock.Research has shown that there is a concentrated area of compressive stress in the hard and thick roof of the syncline structure, forming a seismic source layer for mine impact.There is a high static stress concentration zone of 23.95～41.16 MPa within a range of 3～6 m in the synclinal axis roadway, and the impact damage of the roadway is severe due to the superposition of static and dynamic stress.The shallow cracks in the surrounding rock of the synclinal axis roadway are developed, and the anchoring performance of anchor rods is poor.The dynamic load and impact resistance performance of the roof anchor cables are poor, which is prone to certain damage.By adopting the collaborative anti-impact control technology of full section pressure relief and deep anchor reinforcement, the stress and dynamic load stress wave transmission path of the surrounding rock of the roadway are cut off, improving the anchoring and anti-impact performance of the surrounding rock of the roadway.The deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway is reduced by 63.57% to 65.90%,and high-energy microseismic events are reduced, while small energy microseismic events are increased, enhancing the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway.