陕西煤炭

【目的】针对煤矿充填远距离自流输送中料浆阻力损失大、管道磨损严重等难题，【方法】以粉煤灰-脱硫石膏-水泥-生石灰复合充填料浆为对象，通过环管试验系统研究不同管径（ϕ100 mm、ϕ150 mm）、流速（0.8～1.8 m/s）及质量浓度（50%～60%）条件下的管输阻力特性。【结果】结果表明，在相同管径下，料浆阻力损失随流速增大而显著增加；相同流量下，管径增大可有效降低阻力损失（如流速1.41 m/s时，ϕ1 00 mm管水头损失0.49 kPa/m，ϕ150 mm管降至0.32 kPa/m）。阻力损失随浓度升高呈先降后增趋势，质量浓度55%为临界点（ϕ100 mm管在1.41 m/s流速时阻力最小）。分析表明，该浓度区间内料浆黏度增加抑制水流紊动强度，削弱浆体有效重力，导致水力坡度反常降低。小管径（ϕ1 00 mm）因浆体-管壁相互作用增强，能耗显著高于大管径（ϕ150 mm）;55%质量浓度料浆可实现阻力最小化，为赵石畔煤矿远距离自流输送提供核心参数依据。【结论】本研究揭示了多元固废基料浆的管输阻力调控机制，为充填系统节能降耗与工程优化设计奠定了实验基础。

Aiming at the challenges of high resistance loss and severe pipeline wear in long-distance gravity transport of coal mine backfill slurry, we take a composite backfill slurry of fly ash, desulfurization gypsum, cement, and quicklime as the research object. The pipeline transport resistance characteristics under different pipe diameters(ϕ 100 mm, ϕ150 mm),flow velocities(0.8～1.8 m/s), and mass concentrations(50%～60%) were investigated using a loop pipeline test system.The results show that for a given pipe diameter, the slurry resistance loss increases significantly with increasing flow velocity. Under the same flow rate, a larger pipe diameter can effectively reduce resistance loss(e.g., at a flow velocity of1.41 m/s, the head loss of the ϕ1 00 mm pipe is 0.49 kPa/m, while that of the ϕ150 mm pipe decreases to 0.32 kPa/m). As the concentration increases, the resistance loss exhibits a trend of first decreasing and then increasing, with a mass concentration of 55% identified as the critical point(the ϕ100 mm pipe achieves minimum resistance at a flow velocity of1.41 m/s). Analysis indicates that within this concentration range, the increased slurry viscosity suppresses the turbulence intensity of the water flow and weakens the effective gravity of the slurry, leading to an abnormal decrease in the hydraulic gradient. The smaller pipe diameter(ϕ100 mm) results in significantly higher energy consumption than the larger one(ϕ150 mm) due to enhanced slurry–pipe wall interaction. The slurry with 55% mass concentration can minimize resistance,providing a core parameter basis for the long-distance gravity transport system at Zhaoshipan Coal Mine. This study reveals the regulation mechanism of pipeline transport resistance for multi-component solid waste-based slurry and lays an experimental foundation for energy saving, consumption reduction, and optimized engineering design of backfill systems.