陕西煤炭

【目的】为破解高瓦斯低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采效率低、预抽周期长及煤与瓦斯突出风险高的技术难题。【方法】以西南某矿突出煤层为研究对象，开展深孔预裂爆破增透技术应用研究，通过解析技术原理、设计现场施工方案，结合LS-DYNA数值模拟与现场试验，系统评价增透效果。【结果】数值模拟揭示了爆破后煤体粉碎区、裂隙区的形成与扩展规律，有效应力随传播逐渐衰减；现场试验表明，爆破后瓦斯抽采浓度从7%升至14%，抽采纯量从0.015 m³/min增至0.030 m³/min，均提升2倍以上。【结论】该技术通过构建贯通裂隙网络、实现应力二次分布，显著提升煤层透气性与瓦斯抽采效率，有效缩短抽采周期、降低突出风险，为高瓦斯低透气性煤层瓦斯高效治理提供了可靠技术支撑与工程参考。

In order to address the technical challenges of low gas extraction efficiency, long pre-extraction cycles, and high coal and gas outburst risks in high-gas and low-permeability coal seams, taking the outburst coal seam of a mine in Southwest China as the research object, this study conducts applied research on deep-hole pre-splitting blasting permeability enhancement technology. By analyzing the technical principles, designing on-site construction schemes, and combining LS-DYNA numerical simulation with field tests, the permeability enhancement effect is systematically evaluated. Numerical simulation reveals the formation and expansion laws of the coal crushing zone and fracture zone after blasting, with effective stress gradually attenuating during propagation; field tests show that after blasting, the gas extraction concentration increases from 7% to 14%, and the pure extraction volume rises from 0.015 m³/min to 0.030 m³/min, both increasing by more than 2 times. By constructing a connected fracture network and realizing secondary stress distribution,this technology significantly improves coal seam permeability and gas extraction efficiency, effectively shortens the extraction cycle, and reduces outburst risks.