陕西煤炭

针对某矿18503工作面上覆坚硬顶板不能及时跨落，造成的下工作面巷道顶底板及两帮突出问题，采用理论分析和现场实践结合的方式，提出了坚硬顶板深孔爆破切顶卸压技术及其配套施工工艺。分析了深孔爆破切顶卸压技术的工作原理，结合实际地层参数建立了FLAC^3D力学模型，分析得出了合适的深孔爆破切顶参数，炮孔沿18503巷道单排布置，切顶高度30 m,炮孔间距2 m,仰角90°。此外，解释了切顶卸压深孔爆破工艺，对巷道围岩变形量和炮孔内壁进行了观测与窥视，得出顶板内裂隙发育，巷道顶底板及两帮变形量趋于稳定，巷道顶板岩层间应力传递减弱，围岩变形得到有效控制。实际应用结果表明，该技术有效保障了下采区巷道围岩与支护结构的长期稳定，可以为类似条件下的巷道支护问题提供一定技术借鉴和参考。

In view of the outstanding problems caused by without timely collapsing of the hard roof and floor of overlying rock in the 18503 working face of a mine, which leads to the outburst of the roof and floor and two sides of the working face, the deep hole blasting roof cutting and pressure relief technology and its supporting construction technology were proposed by combining theoretical analysis and field practice.The working principle of the deep hole blasting roof cutting and pressure relief technology was analyzed, the FLAC^3D mechanical model was established in combination with the actual formation parameters, and the appropriate parameters of deep hole blasting roof cutting were obtained, and the blast holes were arranged in a single row along the 18503 roadway, with a roof cutting height of 30 m, a blast hole spacing of 2 m, and an elevation angle of 90°.In addition, the blasting process of deep hole for roof cutting and pressure relief was explained, and the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the inner wall of the blast hole were observed and peeped, and it was concluded that the cracks in the roof were developed, the deformation of the roof and floor of the roadway and the two sides tended to be stable, the interlayer stress transmission of the roof of the roadway was weakened, and the deformation of the surrounding rock was effectively controlled.The practical application results show that this technology can effectively ensure the long-term stability of the surrounding rock and supporting structure of the roadway in the mining area.